Hippocampal Shape and Volume Changes with Antipsychotics in Early Stage Psychotic Illness
نویسندگان
چکیده
Progression of hippocampal shape and volume abnormalities has been described in psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia. However it is unclear how specific antipsychotic medications influence the development of hippocampal structure. We conducted a longitudinal, randomized, controlled, multisite, double-blind study involving 14 academic medical centers (United States 11, Canada 1, Netherlands 1, and England 1). One hundred thirty-four first-episode psychosis patients (receiving either haloperidol [HAL] or olanzapine [OLZ]) and 51 healthy controls were followed for up to 104 weeks using magnetic resonance imaging and large-deformation high-dimensional brain mapping of the hippocampus. Changes in hippocampal volume and shape metrics (i.e., percentage of negative surface vertex slopes, and surface deformation) were evaluated. Mixed-models analysis did not show a significant group-by-time interaction for hippocampal volume. However, the cumulative distribution function of hippocampal surface vertex slopes showed a notable left shift with HAL treatment compared to OLZ treatment and to controls. OLZ treatment was associated with a significantly lower percentage of "large magnitude" negative surface vertex slopes compared to HAL treatment (p = 0.004). Surface deformation maps however did not localize any hippocampal regions that differentially contracted over time with OLZ treatment, after FDR correction. These results indicate that surface analysis provides supplementary information to volumetry in detecting differential treatment effects of the hippocampus. Our results suggest that OLZ is associated with less longitudinal hippocampal surface deformation than HAL, however the hippocampal regions affected appear to be variable across patients.
منابع مشابه
Duration of illness and treatment effects on hippocampal volume in male patients with schizophrenia.
BACKGROUND Reduced hippocampal volume is a consistently described structural abnormality in schizophrenia but its cause and timing are not known. AIMS To examine the relationship of duration of schizophrenic illness and treatment effects with hippocampal volumes. METHOD Quantitative 1.5 T magnetic resonance imaging brain scans of young male patients in the early stage of schizophrenic illne...
متن کاملHippocampal and amygdala volumes according to psychosis stage and diagnosis: a magnetic resonance imaging study of chronic schizophrenia, first-episode psychosis, and ultra-high-risk individuals.
CONTEXT Magnetic resonance imaging studies have identified hippocampal volume reductions in schizophrenia and amygdala volume enlargements in bipolar disorder, suggesting different medial temporal lobe abnormalities in these conditions. These studies have been limited by small samples and the absence of patients early in the course of illness. OBJECTIVE To investigate hippocampal and amygdala...
متن کاملPsychotic disorders and comorbidity: somatic illness vs. side effect.
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia often co-occurs with chronic medical illnesses. Beside comorbid somatic illness, somatic symptoms appear as a result of side effects of antipsychotics during treatment of psychotic disorders, which may lead to certain diagnostic problems in deciding regarding the origin of such symptoms (somatic illness vs. side effects). The aim of this article is to review literature ...
متن کاملImpaired causal awareness and associated cortical–basal ganglia structural changes in youth psychiatric disorders
BACKGROUND Cognitive impairments contribute significantly to disease burden in young individuals presenting with major psychiatric disorders. The capacity to encode the consequences of one's actions may be of particular importance for real-world functioning due to its fundamental role in goal-directed behavior. METHODS Here, we investigated a dimensional measure of causal awareness during a p...
متن کاملThe effect of second-generation antipsychotics on hippocampal volume in first episode of psychosis: longitudinal study
BACKGROUND Current neuroscience literature has related treatment with aripiprazole to improved memory performance and subcellular changes in the hippocampus. AIMS To explore the volumetric changes in hippocampal grey matter in people with a first episode of psychosis (FEP) treated with second-generation antipsychotics. METHOD Baseline and 1-year follow-up magnetic resonance images were obta...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
عنوان ژورنال:
دوره 3 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2012